垂直是一个几何术语。在平面几何中，如果一条直线与另一条直线相交，且它们构成的任意相邻两个角相等，那幺这两条直线相互垂直。术语“垂直”（垂直符号：⊥）衍生一个形容词（垂直）或者名词（垂线）。因此，根据图一，直线AB通过B点与直线CD相互垂直。像图一这样，如果一条直线与另一条直线垂直，那幺它们构成的两个角称为直角，或者90°角。

垂足指两条互相垂直的线相交的点。

垂直的概念对线段和射线也通用，只需看一者所在的直线是否与另一者所在的直线垂直就可以了。如图一中，线段AB和线段CD相互垂直。甚至线段AB的一端不一定要在线段CD上（即可定向伸缩），它们仍被认为是垂直的。

In elementary geometry, the property of being perpendicular (perpendicularity) is the relationship between two lines which meet at a right angle (90 degrees). The property extends to other related geometric objects.

A line is said to be perpendicular to another line if the two lines intersect at a right angle. Explicitly, a first line is perpendicular to a second line if (1) the two lines meet; and (2) at the point of intersection the straight angle on one side of the first line is cut by the second line into two congruent angles. Perpendicularity can be shown to be symmetric, meaning if a first line is perpendicular to a second line, then the second line is also perpendicular to the first. For this reason, we may speak of two lines as being perpendicular (to each other) without specifying an order.