鲈, 又称河鲈（学名：Perca fluviatilis）为辐鳍鱼纲鲈形目鲈亚目河鲈科的其中一种，俗名五道黑。广泛分布于欧洲、西伯利亚的淡水流域，除了伊比利半岛、意大利中部至亚德里亚海，本鱼体黄绿色，盆腔及臀鳍黄色至红色，体侧具5-9条黑色横带，胸鳍黄色，第一背鳍灰色，第二背鳍黄绿色，背鳍硬棘14-19枚，背鳍软条13-16枚，臀鳍硬棘2枚，臀鳍软条7-10枚，体长可达60公分，生活在各种栖地，在黄昏及清晨觅食，属肉食性，繁殖期时会作短暂洄游，可做为食用鱼及观赏鱼。该物种的模式产地在欧洲。

Perca fluviatilis, commonly known as the European perch, perch, redfin perch or English perch, is a predatory species of perch found in Europe and northern Asia. The species is a popular quarry for anglers, and has been widely introduced beyond its native area, into Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. They have caused substantial damage to native fish populations in Australia and have been proclaimed a noxious species in New South Wales.