潘罗斯过程（Penrose process），也称为潘罗斯机制（Penrose mechanism），是罗杰·潘罗斯推理出的一个过程，可以从转动的黑洞提取能量。因为转动的能量在黑洞的位置，不在事件视界内，而是在克尔时空被称为动圈的区域，在那儿粒子必然如同推进的火车头一样，随着时空一起转动，因此提取能量是可能的。在动圈内的所有物体都受到转动时空的拖曳，在这个过程中，一团物质进入黑洞的动圈，而一旦进入动圈，他就会被拆成两团。这两团的动量经过重整，所以其中一块会逃逸到无穷远，而另一块穿越事件视界掉落入黑洞。逃逸的物质碎片可能携带了比原来进入的质量更多的质能，而进入黑洞的碎片携带的是负质能。摘要的说，这个过程使黑洞的角动量减少，并且减少相对应于能量的转换，因为失去的动量势必将由能量提取。

The Penrose process (also called Penrose mechanism) is a process theorised by Roger Penrose wherein energy can be extracted from a rotating black hole. That extraction is made possible because the rotational energy of the black hole is located not inside the event horizon of the black hole, but on the outside of it in a region of the Kerr spacetime called the ergosphere, a region in which a particle is necessarily propelled in locomotive concurrence with the rotating spacetime. All objects in the ergosphere become dragged by a rotating spacetime. In the process, a lump of matter enters into the ergosphere of the black hole, and once it enters the ergosphere, it is split into two. The momentum of the two pieces of matter can be arranged so that one piece escapes to infinity, whilst the other falls past the outer event horizon into the hole. The escaping piece of matter can possibly have greater mass-energy than the original infalling piece of matter, whereas the infalling piece has negative mass-energy. In summary, the process results in a decrease in the angular momentum of the black hole, and that reduction corresponds to a transference of energy whereby the momentum lost is converted to energy extracted.