保罗·亚伯兰·杜卡斯（法语：Paul Abraham Dukas，1865年10月1日－1935年5月17日），法国作曲家。

杜卡斯1882年便获得罗马大奖二等奖。他的早年创作风格深受瓦格纳影响，以配器色彩丰富见称，1897年以《魔法师的弟子》一举成名。这部管弦乐曲日后由于成为迪士尼经典动画片《幻想曲》的核心片断而变得十分著名。他的作品数量不多，但精品比例很大，其中包括芭蕾《仙女》和歌剧《阿里安娜与蓝胡子》。

杜卡斯1888年毕业于巴黎音乐学院；1910年－1913年、1928年－1935年两度任该院作曲教授，他的学生中包括了大量的著名作曲家。其中有西班牙盲人作曲家华金·罗德里戈，20世纪最重要的作曲家之一梅西安，以及中国作曲家冼星海。

Later years

In the last years of his life, Dukas became well known as a teacher of composition. When Charles-Marie Widor retired as professor of composition at the Paris Conservatoire in 1927, Dukas was appointed in his place. He also taught at the École Normale de Musique in Paris. His many students included Jehan Alain, Elsa Barraine, Yvonne Desportes, Francis Chagrin, Carlos Chávez, Maurice Duruflé, Georges Hugon, Jean Langlais, Olivier Messiaen, Manuel Ponce, Joaquín Rodrigo, David Van Vactor and Xian Xinghai. As a teacher he was conservative but always encouraging of talent, telling one student, "It's obvious that you really love music. Always remember that it should be written from the heart and not with the head." He said his method of teaching was "to help young musicians to express themselves in accordance with their own natures. Music necessarily has to express something; it is also obliged to express somebody, namely, its composer." Grove observes that his wide knowledge of the history of European music, and his editorial work on Rameau, Scarlatti and Beethoven, gave him "particular authority in teaching historical styles".