These efforts are called parental investment.

这些努力被称为亲代投资。

It implies huge parental investment in the offspring since, if you lose it, you lose everything.

它意味着父母在后代身上的巨大投入，一旦失去了这个幼子也就等于失去了一切。

This illustrates something, which is, it's not always the case that male parental investment is low.

这说明了一些事情，那就是，男性父母的投资并不总是很低。

You should be able to predict the size differences and aggression differences based on differing parental investment.

您应该能够根据不同的父母投资来预测体型差异和攻击性差异。

Trivers points out that within a species, females typically have a much higher parental investment than males.

特里弗斯指出， 在一个物种中，雌性通常比雄性拥有更高的亲代投资。

And this is relevant from an evolutionary perspective, because the parental investment theory predicts males should be more receptive to anonymous sex.

从进化的角度来看， 这是相关的，因为父母投资理论预测男性应该更容易接受匿名性行为。

This suggests that there's some--there's been, in our evolutionary history, some male-male competition for access to females, which suggests, in turn, that the parental investment is not quite equal.

这表明，在我们的进化史上，存在着一些雄性与雄性争夺雌性的竞争，这反过来又表明，父母的投资并不完全平等。

For instance, there should be--there are some cases where the parental investment is switched, some cases where it turns out--where the males end up with more investment than the females.

例如，应该存在——在某些情况下， 父母的投资会发生转变，在某些情况下， 结果是——男性最终比女性获得更多的投资。

The logic goes like this then: difference in the size of sex cells leads to differences in typical parental investment, leading to differences in the sorts of psychological and physiological mechanisms that evolved.

逻辑是这样的：性细胞大小的差异导致典型的亲代投资的差异，从而导致进化的心理和生理机制的差异。