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单词 Orbital Perturbation
释义

Orbital Perturbation

中文百科

摄动 Perturbation (astronomy)

（重定向自Orbital Perturbation）
Gravity Simulator这张图描绘出在未来的50,000年间，水星、金星、地球、和火星的轨道离心率变化。原点（0点）是2007年。
The perturbing forces of the Sun on the Moon at two places in its orbit. The blue arrows represent the direction and magnitude of the gravitational force on the Earth. Applying this to both the Earth's and the Moon's position does not disturb the positions relative to each other. When it is subtracted from the force on the Moon (black arrows), what is left is the perturbing force (red arrows) on the Moon relative to the Earth. Because the perturbing force is different in direction and magnitude on opposite sides of the orbit, it produces a change in the shape of the orbit.
Mercury's orbital longitude and latitude, as perturbed by Venus, Jupiter and all of the planets of the Solar System, at intervals of 2.5 days. Mercury would remain centered on the crosshairs if there were no perturbations.
Cowell's method. Forces from all perturbing bodies (black and gray) are summed to form the total force on body i (red), and this is numerically integrated starting from the initial position (the epoch of osculation).

摄动（Perturbation）是天文学上的一个术语（专有名词），是用来描述一个大质量天体受到一个以上质量体的引力影响而可察觉的复杂运动。

这种天体的复杂运动可以分成不同的成分而加以描述。首先，假设它的运动只受到一个天体的引力影响，因此它的运动是必然的结果。以其它的方法表示，这种运动可视为二体问题的解，或是为受到摄动的克卜勒轨道。然后，假设上未受到摄动的运动和实际的运动之间的差别，这是由于来自额外的一个或多个物体的引力效应，就是所谓的摄动。如果只有另一个影响较显著的天体，则这种摄动的解称为三体问题；如果有多个物体都有显著的影响，这种运动可以作为更高端的代表，称为多体问题（N体问题）。

英语百科

Perturbation (astronomy) 摄动

（重定向自Orbital Perturbation）
The perturbing forces of the Sun on the Moon at two places in its orbit. The blue arrows represent the direction and magnitude of the gravitational force on the Earth. Applying this to both the Earth's and the Moon's position does not disturb the positions relative to each other. When it is subtracted from the force on the Moon (black arrows), what is left is the perturbing force (red arrows) on the Moon relative to the Earth. Because the perturbing force is different in direction and magnitude on opposite sides of the orbit, it produces a change in the shape of the orbit.
Mercury's orbital longitude and latitude, as perturbed by Venus, Jupiter and all of the planets of the Solar System, at intervals of 2.5 days. Mercury would remain centered on the crosshairs if there were no perturbations.
Cowell's method. Forces from all perturbing bodies (black and gray) are summed to form the total force on body i (red), and this is numerically integrated starting from the initial position (the epoch of osculation).
Encke's method. Greatly exaggerated here, the small difference δr (blue) between the osculating, unperturbed orbit (black) and the perturbed orbit (red), is numerically integrated starting from the initial position (the epoch of osculation).

In astronomy, perturbation is the complex motion of a massive body subject to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body. The other forces can include a third (fourth, fifth, etc.) body, resistance, as from an atmosphere, and the off-center attraction of an oblate or otherwise misshapen body.
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更新时间：2025/6/18 23:59:54