光电工程学（Optoelectronics），又称光电子学，指的是与光、电同时相关的科学，将光转换为电的科学。

光电子学是以光的量子力学（quantum photonics）为基础，应用于半导体材料上，有时也表现在电场上。

例如： 光电效应可应用于：

光电导性，则应用于：

Optoelectronics is the study and application of electronic devices that source, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics. In this context, light often includes invisible forms of radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared, in addition to visible light. Optoelectronic devices are electrical-to-optical or optical-to-electrical transducers, or instruments that use such devices in their operation. Electro-optics is often erroneously used as a synonym, but is a wider branch of physics that concerns all interactions between light and electric fields, whether or not they form part of an electronic device.