新地岛（俄语：Новая Земля），俄罗斯在北冰洋内一群岛，属阿尔汉格尔斯克州管辖，全年冰封。该岛位于巴伦支海和喀拉海之间，是乌拉尔山脉在北冰洋内的延伸。

群岛面积约为8.3万平方公里，人口2716人（2002年）。

新地岛分成尤日内岛（南岛）和谢韦尔内岛（北岛）两个岛屿，北岛面积为49,000平方公里，南岛面积为33,200平方公里，群岛南北向宽度约750公里，东西向宽度从100至140公里不等。南、北两岛中隔最狭处仅约600公尺的马托奇金海峡；多山，最高点海拔1547公尺；多峡湾；属极地冰原和苔原，北岛面积一半被冰川覆盖。气候寒冷，冬季多强风、雪暴。

Novaya Zemlya (Russian:Но́вая Земля́;IPA: [ˈnovəjə zʲɪmˈlʲa], lit. new land), also known, especially in Dutch, as Nova Zembla, is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in northern Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe, the easternmost point of Europe lying at Cape Flissingsky on the Northern island. Administratively, it is incorporated as Novaya Zemlya District, one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Novaya Zemlya Urban Okrug. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 2,429, of which 1,972 resided in Belushya Guba, an urban-type settlement that is the administrative center of Novaya Zemlya District. The population in 2002 was 2,716(2002 Census).