撞击结构（Impact structure）与撞击事件造成的撞击坑密切相关。这个词是指因为侵蚀和沉积，已经难以从外表察觉是撞击坑的区域，这是在地球上几乎所有古老撞击坑的命运；不像月球等太阳系中大多数以岩石组成的天体可以保存许多古老撞击坑。撞击结构还可用另一个较少用的词 Astrobleme 代表，意思是「星体的伤痕」。

在一个撞击结构中，肉眼可见的典型撞击坑地形特征是不明显得。任何曾经存在的陨石碎片都会在长时间之后因为侵蚀而消失。可能的撞击结构可以借着地质或地球物理的异常特征进行初步认定。进一步认定则必须要借由寻找撞击时产生的矿物（尤其是冲击石英）、破裂锥、来自外太空物质的地球化学证据确定。

The term impact structure is closely related to the terms impact crater and meteorite impact crater, and is used in cases in which erosion or burial has destroyed or masked the original topographic feature with which one normally associates the term crater. This is the fate of almost all old impact craters on Earth, unlike the ancient pristine craters preserved on the Moon and other geologically inactive rocky bodies with old surfaces in the Solar System. Impact structure is synonymous with the less commonly used term astrobleme meaning "star wound".