尼罗河鲈（Lates niloticus）是鲈形目的尖嘴鲈科中淡水的一个物种。牠们在埃塞俄比亚界生物地理区分布很广，会出现于乍得湖、刚果河、尼罗河、塞内加尔河、图尔卡纳湖及其他河川流域，亦曾在埃及马雷奥蒂斯湖带微咸的水中被发现。其俗名包括African snook以及大量在非洲不同语言中的名字。

尼罗河鲈呈银色，带淡蓝色。牠们有特别黑的眼，外圈呈鲜黄色。牠们是最大淡水鱼之一，最长可达近2米，重达200公斤。

成鱼可栖息于湖中有充足含氧量的环境，幼鱼则被限制在沿岸或有屏障之处。尼罗河鲈是凶猛的掠食者，以鱼类（包含自己的同类）、甲壳类和昆虫为食；幼鱼则以浮游动物为食。

The Nile perch (Lates niloticus) is a species of freshwater fish in family Latidae of order Perciformes. It is widespread throughout much of the Afrotropic ecozone, being native to the Congo, Nile, Senegal, Niger, and Lake Chad, Volta, Lake Turkana, and other river basins. It also occurs in the brackish waters of Lake Maryut in Egypt. Originally described as Labrus niloticus, among the marine wrasses, the species has also been referred to as Centropomus niloticus. Common names include African snook, Victoria perch (a misleading trade name, as the species is not native to Lake Victoria), and a large number of local names in various African languages, such as the Luo name mbuta or mputa. In Tanzania, it is called sangara, sankara or chenku. In Francophone African countries, it is known as capitaine and in Egypt/Sudan as am'kal. Its name in the Hausa language is giwan ruwa, meaning "water elephant".