因缘，佛教术语，有二义。

因缘果报四字往往合并使用。因缘的说法常见于佛教典籍及中国历代的文学作品中。

Nidana is a Sanskrit word (from ni = down, into + the verbal root da = to bind). It means 'chain of causation,' and is attributed to Shakyamuni Buddha. It has two specific meanings within Buddhism. The more common use refers to the Twelve nidanas or "a concatenation of cause and effect", which is the cycle of rebirth as described by Gautama upon which a re-becoming is thought by Buddhists to rest, which is also called the twelve links of 'dependent origination'.