神经语言学 是人类大脑神经对于语言的理解，产出和习得之研究。作为一个跨学科领域，神经语言**用了来自不同领域的方法，如神经科学 ， 语言学 ， 认知科学 ， 神经生物学 ， 沟通障碍 ， 神经心理学和计算机科学的方法和理论。不同背景的研究人员被吸引而来，带来各种实验技术以及广泛的理论观点。在神经语言学中有许多成果是来自心理语言学和理论语言学的模型，而这些模型着重在大脑如何运行理论和心理语言学提出的语言产出与理解所必需的过程。神经语言学家研究由大脑处理语言信息的相关生理机制，并借由失语症，脑成像，电生理，和计算机建模，评估语言学和心理语言学理论。

Neurolinguistics is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language. As an interdisciplinary field, neurolinguistics draws methods and theories from fields such as neuroscience, linguistics, cognitive science, neurobiology, communication disorders, neuropsychology, and computer science. Researchers are drawn to the field from a variety of backgrounds, bringing along a variety of experimental techniques as well as widely varying theoretical perspectives. Much work in neurolinguistics is informed by models in psycholinguistics and theoretical linguistics, and is focused on investigating how the brain can implement the processes that theoretical and psycholinguistics propose are necessary in producing and comprehending language. Neurolinguists study the physiological mechanisms by which the brain processes information related to language, and evaluate linguistic and psycholinguistic theories, using aphasiology, brain imaging, electrophysiology, and computer modeling.