尼布楚河是俄罗斯的河流，位于外贝加尔边疆区，属于石勒喀河的左支流，河道全长580公里，流域面积27,500平方公里，河流在10月至4月结冰，河畔城镇有尼布楚。

The Nercha River is a river in Zabaykalsky Krai in Russia, left tributary of the Shilka River (Amur's basin). The length of the river is 580 kilometres (360 mi). The area of its basin is 27,500 square kilometres (10,600 sq mi). The Nercha River freezes up in October and stays icebound until late April – early May. The town of Nerchinsk is located on the Nercha River, 7 kilometres (4 mi) from its confluence with the Shilka.