新灯笼鱼科是辐鳍鱼纲灯笼鱼目的其中一科。

新灯笼鱼科下分3个属，如下：

• 新灯鱼属（Neoscopelus）
  • 大鳞新灯笼鱼（N. macrolepidotus）：又称大鳞新灯鱼。
  • 短鳍新灯笼鱼（N. microchir）：又称短鳍新灯鱼。
  • 多孔新灯笼鱼（N. porosus）：又称多孔新灯鱼。
• 拟灯笼鱼属（Scopelengys）
  • 拟灯笼鱼（S. tristis）
• 软犁灯鱼属（Solivomer）
  • 软犁灯鱼（S. arenidens）

The Neoscopelidae (blackchins or neoscopelids) are a small family of deep-sea fish closely related to the lanternfish. They are found in tropical and subtropical marine waters worldwide.

They can be distinguished from the lanternfish only by a few technical characters, such as the position of the anal fin being far behind that of the dorsal fin. Some species also lack the light-emitting organs (photophores) of the lanternfish. They are typically between 20 and 30 cm (7.9 and 11.8 in) in length. One genus has photophores arranged in a single series along the edge of the tongue and one or two along the ventral surface of the body.