纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne，1804年7月4日－1864年5月19日），19世纪美国小说家，其代表作品《红字》为世界文学的经典之一。

霍桑出生于美国马萨诸塞州塞勒姆镇。他的祖辈为著名的1692年塞勒姆驱巫案的三名法官之一。父亲是个船长，在霍桑四岁的时候死于海上，霍桑在母亲抚养下长大。1821年霍桑在亲戚资助下进入缅因州的博多因学院，在学校中他与朗费罗、福兰克林·皮尔斯成为好友。1824年大学毕业，霍桑回到故乡，开始写作。完成一些短篇故事之后，他开始尝试把自己在博多因学院的经验写成小说，这就是长篇小说《范肖》，于1828年不署名发表，但是没有引起注意。霍桑将没有卖出去的小说全部付之一炬。

Nathaniel Hawthorne (/ˈhɔːˌθɔːrn/; born Nathaniel Hathorne; July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was an American novelist, Dark Romantic, and short story writer.

He was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, to Nathaniel Hathorne and the former Elizabeth Clarke Manning. His ancestors include John Hathorne, the only judge involved in the Salem witch trials who never repented of his actions. Nathaniel later added a "w" to make his name "Hawthorne" in order to hide this relation. He entered Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825. Hawthorne published his first work, a novel titled Fanshawe, in 1828; he later tried to suppress it, feeling it was not equal to the standard of his later work. He published several short stories in various periodicals, which he collected in 1837 as Twice-Told Tales. The next year, he became engaged to Sophia Peabody. He worked at a custom house and joined Brook Farm, a transcendentalist community, before marrying Peabody in 1842. The couple moved to The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts, later moving to Salem, the Berkshires, then to The Wayside in Concord. The Scarlet Letter was published in 1850, followed by a succession of other novels. A political appointment took Hawthorne and family to Europe before their return to The Wayside in 1860. Hawthorne died on May 19, 1864, and was survived by his wife and their three children.