Single-domain antibody

Ribbon diagram of a llama VHH domain.
The extended CDR3 loop is coloured orange.

A shark (left) and a camelid (middle) heavy-chain antibody in comparison to a common antibody (right). Heavy chains are shown in a darker shade, light chains in a lighter shade. VH and VL are the variable domains.

Nanobodies for photothermal therapy. Nanobodies, which are able to bind tumor antigens like HER2, are coupled to branched gold nanoparticles that absorb light energy and create heat in order to kill cancer cells.

A single-domain antibody (sdAb, called Nanobody by Ablynx, the developer) is an antibody fragment consisting of a single monomeric variable antibody domain. Like a whole antibody, it is able to bind selectively to a specific antigen. With a molecular weight of only 12–15 kDa, single-domain antibodies are much smaller than common antibodies (150–160 kDa) which are composed of two heavy protein chains and two light chains, and even smaller than Fab fragments (~50 kDa, one light chain and half a heavy chain) and single-chain variable fragments (~25 kDa, two variable domains, one from a light and one from a heavy chain).

单词	Nanobody
释义	Nanobody 原声例句科学杂志：生物 But it might soon be easier to obtain nanobodies-- a team has made a nanobody library in yeast cells that will allow researchers to skip the animal-inoculation step. 但可能很快就会更容易获得纳米抗体——一个团队已经在酵母细胞中建立了一个纳米抗体库，这将使研究人员能够跳过动物接种步骤。英语百科 Single-domain antibody A single-domain antibody (sdAb, called Nanobody by Ablynx, the developer) is an antibody fragment consisting of a single monomeric variable antibody domain. Like a whole antibody, it is able to bind selectively to a specific antigen. With a molecular weight of only 12–15 kDa, single-domain antibodies are much smaller than common antibodies (150–160 kDa) which are composed of two heavy protein chains and two light chains, and even smaller than Fab fragments (~50 kDa, one light chain and half a heavy chain) and single-chain variable fragments (~25 kDa, two variable domains, one from a light and one from a heavy chain).
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