Multicellular organisms, then larger animals, could now evolve thanks to this new element, essential for keeping these increasingly complex biological machines running.

多亏了这个新元素，多细胞生物和更大的动物才得以进化，这个元素对维持这些日益复杂的生物机器运转至关重要。

The tentacled Archaean uses proteins common to multicellular organisms and might lend insight into how the latter evolved.

这种有触角的太古代微生物使用多细胞生物共有的蛋白质，这可能有助于我们了解后者进化的方式。

Ultimately, it gives rise to a sophisticated system of cooperation that's somewhat like a multicellular organism in itself.

最终形成一个复杂、精致的合作系统，有些类似于多细胞生物。

Multicellular organisms are constantly shedding cells.

多细胞生物不断地脱落细胞。

Even further down at 3,600 meters is the deepest point that a multicellular organism has been found alive — this freaky looking worm.

再往下3600米深处，是目前发现有多细胞生物生存的最深处——这种看起来怪怪的蠕虫。

And this isn't just the case for humans — it's true of every animal, plant, and fungus, and nearly every multicellular organism on Earth.

而且这不仅仅是人类的情况——每种动物、植物和真菌，以及几乎所有地球上每个多细胞的生物体都是如此。

The main theory is that multicellular organisms started out as cells grouped together in colonies.

主要理论是，多细胞生物最初是细胞聚集成菌落。

It’s the word for how, as multicellular organisms age, they die more, and reproduce less.

这个词是指随着多细胞生物的衰老，它们死亡得更多，繁殖得更少。

Another  billion years passed before eukaryotes developed into multicellular organisms, which eventually  exploded into diverse kingdoms of complex life.

又过了 10 亿年，真核生物才发展成为多细胞生物，最终发展成复杂生命的不同王国。

That means it's a single cell with multiple nuclei, making it like a multicellular organism but without the divisions between cells.

这意味着它是一个具有多个细胞核的单细胞，使其像多细胞生物一样，但没有细胞之间的分裂。

There are so many different kinds of seaweed, there's unbelievable genetic diversity in seaweed, and they're very ancient; they were some of the first multicellular organisms ever to evolve.

海洋中有很多不同种类的海藻，存在着不可思议的遗传多样性，而且它们非常古老；它们属于最先进化的一部分多细胞生物。

With oxygen's role in releasing energy, enabling the release of lots of energy through chemical reaction, it's more useful for animals, and probably led to the evolution of multicellular organisms.

由于氧气在释放能量方面的作用，使其能够通过化学反应释放大量的能量，所以它对动物更有用，可能还导致了多细胞生物的进化。

In contrast, cells in a multicellular organism, give up their independence; they take on specialized functions; they sacrifice their progeny to the greater good.

相反，多细胞生物体中的细胞，放弃了它们的独立性；他们承担专门的职能；他们为了更大的利益牺牲了他们的后代。

It also happened to be the oldest complex multicellular organism we knew of, too – one that seemed to have multiple cell types and a 3D body plan.

它也恰好是我们所知道的最古老的复杂多细胞生物——一种似乎具有多种细胞类型和 3D 身体结构的生物。

It is that variability of protein composition which permits the division of labour and specialisation of function that have allowed complex multicellular organisms such as human beings to evolve.

正是蛋白质组成的可变性允许劳动分工和功能专门化，使复杂的多细胞生物（如人类）得以进化。

Nematode worms are one of the most abundant multicellular organisms in the ocean, and other species of worms have moved onto land and some even invade our own bodies!

线虫是海洋中数量最多的多细胞生物之一，其他种类的蠕虫已经移居陆地， 有些甚至侵入我们自己的身体！