National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development
The National Revolutionary Movement for Development (French:Mouvement Révolutionaire National pour le Développement, MRND) was the ruling political party of Rwanda from 1975 to 1994 under President Juvénal Habyarimana. Between 1975 and 1991, when it was known as the National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development (Mouvement républicain national pour la démocratie et le développement), the MRND was the only legal political party in the country. It was dominated by Hutus, particularly from President Juvenal Habyarimana's home region of Northern Rwanda. The elite group of MRND party members who were known to have influence on the President and his wife – as well as to be responsible for the planning of the Rwandan Genocide – are known as the akazu.