The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called ascites.

积存在腹膜腔里的液体被称为腹水。

For ascites, diuretic and sodium restriction are indicated to reduce the fluid overload.

对于腹水，建议使用利尿剂、限制钠的摄入以减少体液超负荷。

Visible signs include a distended abdomen with ascites, and Caput Medusae or visibly engorged superficial abdominal veins.

可见的体征包括由腹水引起的腹胀以及海蛇头，即腹壁静脉曲张显着。

Occasionally, ovarian tumors can cause ascites, abdominal masses, bowel obstruction, or dyspareunia, which is pain during sexual intercourse.

有时，卵巢肿瘤导致腹水、腹部包块和肠梗阻或者性交痛。

Finally, in people with cirrhosis and ascites, it can infect the peritoneal fluid and cause spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

在肝硬化腹腔积液的病人中，细菌可以进入腹水，引起自发性细菌性腹膜炎。

CT scan or MRI help diagnose ascites, cirrhosis, splenomegally or vascular alterations like inferior vena cava dilatation.

CT扫描或MRI有助于诊断腹水、肝硬化、脾肿大，或血管病变（如下腔静脉扩张）。

Which was shown earlier to be damaged with the physical sign of ascites.

而他的肝脏因为腹水征兆而被诊断出已受损.

Over time as the liver becomes less functional, symptoms like jaundice, ascites, easy bruising, and hepatic encephalopathy develop.

长此以往，肝脏功能逐渐下降，并出现相关症状，如黄疸、腹水、瘀斑和肝性脑病。

So venous blood accumulates downward from the obstruction, causing features like ascites, esophageal varices and bleeding, Caput Medusae, diminished liver function and an enlarged spleen.

因此静脉血从阻塞处向下累积，引起诸如腹水、食管静脉曲张和出血、海蛇头、肝功能下降和脾脏肿大等特征。

Prevention of complications can be done with beta-blockers and treatment options include diuretics for ascites, and octreotide, balloon tamponade, sclerotherapy, and a variceal ligation for bleeding esophageal varices.

β受体阻滞剂可以预防并发症，治疗方法包括利尿剂治疗腹水，奥曲肽，气囊填塞，硬化疗法，以及食管静脉曲张破裂时行静脉曲张套扎术。

The features of portal hypertension can be remembered as ABCDE, where A stands for Ascites, B for Bleeding, C for Caput Medusae, D for Diminished liver function, and E for Enlarged spleen.

门静脉高压症的特点可以用ABCDE来记：A指的是腹水，B是流血，C是海蛇头，D指肝功能下降，E指脾脏肿大。

At this point many of the described symptoms start to develop, like jaundice and pruritus or itchy skin, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy leading to confusion, and easy bruising from low coagulation factors.

肝硬化的症状开始出现，如黄疸、皮肤瘙痒、腹水、导致神智不清的肝性脑病，以及因凝血因子不足导致的瘀斑。