山瞪羚是一种羚羊类的动物，主要分布于阿拉伯半岛。栖息于山、山丘和海岸平原。由于较不适应热，自全新世晚期以来有被鹿羚(Gazella dorcas)取代的趋势。

曾经广泛分布于阿拉伯半岛地区，北至叙利亚南部，西至西奈半岛。1932年最后一次在埃及记录。1970年代后便没有在叙利亚境内有记录。在黎巴嫩，此物种相信在1945年灭绝。1987年最后一次在约旦记录。

目前分布于以色列 (广泛分布)、沙特阿拉伯 (分布于红海的法拉珊群岛，零星分布于沙国西部)、阿曼 (广泛分布)、阿拉伯联合酋长国 (Jebel Ali 地区)和也门 (西部)。

The mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) is a species of gazelle widely but unevenly distributed in Israel, the Golan Heights, and Turkey. It inhabits mountains, foothills, and coastal plains. Its range coincides closely with that of the acacia trees that grow in these areas. It is mainly a grazing species, though this varies with food availability. It is less well adapted to hot, dry conditions than the Dorcas gazelle, which appears to have replaced the mountain gazelle through some of its range during the late Holocene in a period of climatic warming.