So for ascending infections that cause acute pyelonephritis, the most common organisms are E. coli, Proteus species, and Enterobacter species, all of which are commonly found in the bowel flora.

对于上行性尿路感染导致的急性肾盂肾炎，最常见的致病菌是大肠杆菌、变形杆菌属、肠杆菌属等，以上都是常见的肠道菌群。

Acute pyelonephritis is most often caused by ascending infection: meaning bacteria start by colonizing the urethra and bladder, which would be a lower urinary tract infection, and make their way up the ureter to the kidney.

急性肾盂肾炎最常见的感染途径是上行性感染，即细菌先占领膀胱和尿道（这会是下尿路感染），然后这些细菌向上感染输尿管到肾。