神经节苷脂（英语：Ganglioside；又称唾液酸糖鞘脂），是含有唾液酸的糖鞘脂。

• 结构为：半乳糖-N-乙酰半乳糖胺-半乳糖-(葡萄糖-神经酰胺)-唾液酸

GM1 (monosialotetrahexosylganglioside) the "prototype" ganglioside, is a member of the ganglio series of gangliosides which contain one sialic acid residue. GM1 has important physiological properties and impacts neuronal plasticity and repair mechanisms, and the release of neurotrophins in the brain. Besides its function in the physiology of the brain, GM1 acts as the site of binding for both Cholera toxin and E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Traveller's diarrhea).