松毬鱼科（学名Monocentridae）又称松球鱼科是辐鳍鱼纲金眼鲷目的其中一科。

松毬鱼科下分2个属，如下：

• 光颌松球鱼属（Cleidopus）
  • 澳洲光颌松球鱼（Cleidopus gloriamaris）
• 松球鱼属（Monocentris）又称松毬鱼属
  • 日本松球鱼（Monocentris japonica）：又称松毬鱼、松球鱼。
  • 新西兰松球鱼（Monocentris neozelanicus）
  • 里氏松球鱼（Monocentris reedi）

Pinecone fishes are small and unusual beryciform marine fish of the family Monocentridae. The family contains just four species in two genera, one of which is monotypic. Their distribution is limited to tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. Pinecone fishes are popular subjects of public aquaria, but are both expensive and considered a challenge for the hobbyist to maintain.