单胺神经递质是含有芳乙胺结构的神经递质和神经调质，所有单胺类都是从芳香族氨基酸（苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸）和甲状腺激素衍生而来，经芳香族L-胺基酸脱羧酶的作用而得。

• 单胺
• 类甲腺质
• 儿茶酚胺类
  • 多巴胺
  • 去甲肾上腺素
  • 肾上腺素
• 色胺类
  • 血清素
  • 褪黑素
• 痕量胺类
  • β-苯乙胺
  • 酪胺
  • 色胺
  • 章胺
  • 3-碘类甲腺质

Monoamine neurotransmitters are neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain (-CH₂-CH₂-). All monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the thyroid hormones by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes. Monoaminergic systems, i.e., the networks of neurons that utilize monoamine neurotransmitters, are involved in the regulation of cognitive processes such as emotion, arousal, and certain types of memory. It has been found that monoamine neurotransmitters play an important role in the secretion and production of neurotrophin-3 by astrocytes, a chemical which maintains neuron integrity and provides neurons with trophic support. Drugs used to increase (or reduce) the effect of monoamine are sometimes used to treat patients with psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia.