中分辨率成像光谱仪 （Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer，MODIS）为美国宇航局研发制造的空间遥感仪器，用以了解全球气候的变化情况以及人类活动对气候的影响。1999年随地球观测系统（EOS） 泰拉（Terra）上午卫星发射到地球轨道，2002年随另一枚地球观测系统水（Aqua）下午卫星升空。该仪器可用36个光谱波段接收数据，波长范围为0.4微米到14.4微米，包含可见光到红外波段。影像分辨率为250公尺到1公里之间，每1至2日可完整扫描地球表面一次。它们可提供大范围的全球数据，包括云层覆盖的变化、地表辐射能量变化，海洋与陆地的变化过程。

The moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a payload scientific instrument built by Santa Barbara Remote Sensing that was launched into Earth orbit by NASA in 1999 on board the Terra (EOS AM) Satellite, and in 2002 on board the Aqua (EOS PM) satellite. The instruments capture data in 36 spectral bands ranging in wavelength from 0.4 µm to 14.4 µm and at varying spatial resolutions (2 bands at 250 m, 5 bands at 500 m and 29 bands at 1 km). Together the instruments image the entire Earth every 1 to 2 days. They are designed to provide measurements in large-scale global dynamics including changes in Earth's cloud cover, radiation budget and processes occurring in the oceans, on land, and in the lower atmosphere. MODIS utilizes four on-board calibrators in addition to the space view in order to provide in-flight calibration: solar diffuser (SD), solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM), spectral radiometric calibration assembly (SRCA), and a v-groove black body. MODIS has used the marine optical buoy for vicarious calibration. MODIS is succeeded by the VIIRS instrument on board the Suomi NPP satellite launched in 2011 and future Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) satellites.