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单词 Mixtard
释义

Mixtard

中文百科

胰岛素 Insulin

(重定向自Mixtard)
猪胰岛素三维结构,图中显示的是胰岛素同源二聚体的晶体结构
胰岛素晶体

胰岛素是一种蛋白质激素,由胰脏内的胰岛β细胞分泌。胰岛素参与调节碳水化合物和脂肪代谢,控制血糖平衡,可促使肝脏、骨骼肌将血液中的葡萄糖转化为糖原。缺乏胰岛素会导致血糖过高、糖尿病。因此胰岛素可用于治疗糖尿病。其分子量为5808道尔顿。

胰岛素应用于临床数十年,从抗原性较强的第一代动物胰岛素到基因重组但餐前需要等待30分钟的第二代人胰岛素,再发展到现在可以很好模拟生理性人胰岛素分泌模式的胰第三代胰岛素类似物。目前更好模拟正常人体生理降糖模式的胰岛素是第三代胰岛素——胰岛素类似物。

英语百科

Insulin 胰岛素

(重定向自Mixtard)
 SS-linked insulin monomer
Insulin undergoes extensive posttranslational modification along the production pathway. Production and secretion are largely independent; prepared insulin is stored awaiting secretion. Both C-peptide and mature insulin are biologically active. Cell components and proteins in this image are not to scale.

Insulin (from the Latin, insula meaning island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas, and by Brockmann body in some teleost fish. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood to skeletal muscles and fat tissue and by causing fat to be stored rather than used for energy. Insulin also inhibits the production of glucose by the liver.

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更新时间:2025/6/20 8:18:54