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单词 Mean anomaly
释义

Mean anomaly

中文百科

平近点角

平近点角(Mean Anomaly)在轨道力学中是轨道上的物体在辅助圆上相对于中心点的运行角度,在测量上不同于其他的近点角,平近点角与时间的关系是线性的。因为与时间是线性的关系,因此要计算在轨道上两点之间移动所需的时间是非常容易的。计算两点之间的平近点角就能得知其间的不同,只要知道,两点之间的移动时间相对于整个轨道2\pi的周期是一个简单的比例式(也就是\frac{M_2 - M_1}{2\pi} = \frac{t}{T})。

此处平近点角的测量是以近拱点为0,以弪度量来测量的,而每经过近拱点一次度量的值就增加2\pi。在下图中,在环绕s的轨道上,p点的平近点角是M(角\angle zcy)。

y被定义是在圆上的扇形区域z-c-y的面积与椭圆上的扇形区域z-s-p面积比,等同于椭圆半长轴与半短轴的比。或是,换言之,圆的扇形面积z-c-yx-s-z的区域面积相等。

英语百科

Mean anomaly 平近点角

Area swept out per unit time by an object in an elliptical orbit (grey) and by an imaginary object in a circular orbit (red) which completes its orbit in the same period of time. Both sweep out equal areas in equal times, but the angular rate of sweep varies for the elliptical orbit and is constant for the circular orbit. Shown are mean anomaly and true anomaly for two units of time.

In celestial mechanics, the mean anomaly is an angle used in calculating the position of a body in an elliptical orbit in the classical two-body problem. It is the angular distance from the pericenter which a fictitious body would have if it moved in a circular orbit, with constant speed, in the same orbital period as the actual body in its elliptical orbit.

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更新时间:2025/6/19 22:34:58