马克士威方程组（英语：Maxwell's equations），是英国物理学家詹姆斯·马克士威在19世纪创建的一组描述电场、磁场与电荷密度、电流密度之间关系的偏微分方程。它由四个方程序组成：描述电荷如何产生电场的高斯定律、论述磁单极子不存在的高斯磁定律、描述电流和时变电场怎样产生磁场的马克士威-安培定律、描述时变磁场如何产生电场的法拉第感应定律。

从马克士威方程组，可以推论出光波是电磁波。马克士威方程组和劳仑兹力方程序是经典电磁学的基础方程序。从这些基础方程序的相关理论，发展出现代的电力科技与电子科技。

Maxwell's equations are a set of partial differential equations that, together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electrodynamics, classical optics, and electric circuits. These fields in turn underlie modern electrical and communications technologies. Maxwell's equations describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated and altered by each other and by charges and currents. They are named after the physicist and mathematician James Clerk Maxwell, who published an early form of those equations between 1861 and 1862.