Humans have over 200 types of cells, and all except mature red blood cells have mitochondria.

人类有超过 200 种类型的细胞，而除了成熟的红细胞外，都有线粒体。

See, usually, all mature cells take on a specific function and stay that way forever.

通常情况下，所有成熟细胞都具有特定功能并永远保持这种功能。

Yep, you heard me right; mature red blood cells do not have a nucleus or mitochondria.

是的，你没听错；成熟的红细胞没有细胞核或线粒体。

That causes only the most mature egg cell from one of the ovaries to burst out of the follicle and through the ovary wall.

结果就是，只有其中一个卵巢中发育最为成熟的卵细胞，才能冲出卵泡，穿越子房壁。

Dysplasia refers to the replacement of one mature cell type with a less mature cell type: for example, dysplasia of the cervix epithelium.

例如，子宫颈上皮不典型增生。

Hair colour is controlled by whether continually multiplying pools of McSCs within hair follicles get the signal to become mature cells that make the protein pigments responsible for colour.

头发颜色的控制取决于毛囊内不断增殖的McSC细胞是否收到信号，变成成熟细胞，从而产生不同颜色的蛋白质色素。

Other than hemoglobin, there isn't much else inside a mature red blood cell because in mammals, red blood cells do not have a nucleus or mitochondria.

除了血红蛋白外，成熟的红细胞内没有其他物质，因为在哺乳动物体内，红细胞没有细胞核或线粒体。

Each sporozoite produces as many as 30,000 mature parasite cells called merozoites, which spread through the bloodstream, burrow into red blood cells, and cause a full-blown infection.

每个子孢子产生多达 30, 000 个称为裂殖子的成熟寄生虫细胞，它们通过血液传播， 钻入红细胞， 并引起全面感染。

A naive T cell can be activated or primed to allow it to turn into a mature T cell by any of the antigen presenting cells, but most often it's done by a dendritic cell.

一个初始T细胞可以被激活或活化，让它能转变为一个成熟T细胞；这可以通过任意抗原呈递细胞来实现，但通常是通过树突状细胞完成的。

Metaplasia refers to the replacement of one mature cell type with another mature cell type: for example, squamous metaplasia of the respiratory columnar epithelium - as evidenced by the metaplastic cough of a smoker.

化生是指一种成熟细胞类型被另一种类型的成熟细胞替代。例如，呼吸柱状上皮的鳞状化生由吸烟者的化生咳嗽证明。

In FAS, ethanol interferes with cell division and proliferation, cell growth and differentiation and with the migration of mature cells to their final location in the developing embryo which affects the development of various fetal tissues, including the brain.

在FAS中，乙醇会干扰细胞分裂、增殖，影响细胞生长和分化，并且在胚胎发育的过程中，妨碍成熟细胞迁移到它们最终的部位，这会影响胎儿各种组织的发育，其中包括大脑。