马丁·赖尔爵士，FRS（Sir Martin Ryle，1918年9月27日－1984年10月14日）是英国射电天文学家，赖尔开发出革命性的射电望远镜系统，且使用这套系统对弱射电源准确定位和成像。1964年赖尔与冯堡（D.D. Vonberg）首度发表了无线射频的天文干涉仪概念（纵然另有声称认为悉尼大学的约瑟夫·波悉在同年较早时候已实际制作出天文干涉仪。）赖尔在大学中利用经改良的设备，能观察到当时已知宇宙中最远的星系，赖尔也是剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室天体物理组的第一位教授，并创办了大盾射电天文台，1972至82年间受任命为皇家天文学家。

Sir Martin Ryle FRS (27 September 1918 – 14 October 1984) was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems (see e.g. aperture synthesis) and used them for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources. In 1946 Ryle and Vonberg were the first people to publish interferometric astronomical measurements at radio wavelengths, although Joseph Pawsey from the University of Sydney claimed to have actually made interferometric measurements earlier in the same year. With improved equipment, Ryle observed the most distant known galaxies in the universe at that time. He was the first Professor of Radio Astronomy at the University of Cambridge, and founding director of the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory. He was Astronomer Royal from 1972 to 1982.