面积是一个用作表示一个曲面或平面图形所占范围的量，可看成是长度（一维度量）及体积（三维度量）的二维模拟。对三维立体图形而言，图形的边界的面积称为表面积。

计算各基本平面图形面积及基本立体图形的表面积公式早已为古希腊及古中国人所熟知。

面积在近代数学中占相当重要的角色。面积除与几何学及微积分有关外，亦与线性代数中的行列式有关。在分析学中，平面的面积通常以勒贝格测度（Lebesgue measure）定义。

我们可以利用公理，将面积定义为一个由平面图形的集合映射至实数的函数。

Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane. Surface area is its analog on the two-dimensional surface of a three-dimensional object. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat. It is the two-dimensional analog of the length of a curve (a one-dimensional concept) or the volume of a solid (a three-dimensional concept).