So eliminate those long " um" s as much as you can.

所以尽可能去掉那些长的“嗯”。

This answer I'm going to play for you has many long " um" s.

我将为你们播放的这个回答有很多个很长的" 嗯" 。

What you're looking at there is something called a " long S" .

你所看到的是被称为" 长S" 的东西。

This seems pretty consistent; I'm not entirely sure why that happens, but yeah, these long " um" s, they kind of bring down the vowel score.

这看起来很一致；我不完全确定为什么会这样，但是是的，这些长的“嗯”会降低元音部分的分数。

And then the other one is phrase length, which is exactly what I spent the whole last video talking about: the phrasal length score is seriously impacted because each of these long " um" s, it creates a new chunk, right?

另一个是短语长度，这正是我在上一个视频中谈论过的：短语长度分数受到严重影响，因为每个长的“嗯”会创建一个新的“块”，对吧？

So in that sense, historically, the German letter that's written kind of like the  letter B (the Eszett) does historically come from a ligature of the long S and the letter Z even  though it is pronounced as a double S today.

因此从这个意义上说，从历史上看，写法有点像字母 B（Eszett）的德语字母在历史上确实来自长 S 和字母 Z 的连字，尽管今天它的发音是双 S。

And then a listener named Ben Scrunton wrote  in with some really interesting observations about letters like S and long S in  other languages in that they also have letters that are written differently  depending on where they appear in a word.

然后一位名叫 Ben Scrunton 的听众写信来表达了一些非常有趣的看法，即其他语言中像 S 和长 S 这样的字母，它们的写法也有所不同，这取决于它们在单词中出现的位置。