科技考古是考古学的一个重要分支，主要指用现代科技手段分析研究古代人类文化遗存以及与人类活动相关的自然遗存，获得更多的古代人类活动信息，从而尽可能地恢复古代人类社会的面貌。

Archaeological science, also known as archaeometry, consists of the application of scientific techniques to the analysis of archaeological materials, to assist in dating the materials. It is related to methodologies of archaeology.

In the United Kingdom, the Natural and Environmental Research Council provides funding for archaeometry separate from the funding provided for archaeology.