You can think of these as colonies of living liver cells.

你可以把这些结节想象成肝细胞的聚集群落。

Next, human liver cells are added to the empty pig liver.

接下来，科学家将人肝细胞添加到空的猪肝中。

Let's look at a healthy liver cell, a healthy hair cell, and a cancerous cell.

让我们分别看看一个健康的肝细胞，一个健康的毛发细胞，和一个癌变细胞。

Before glucose can get into the liver cell, it needs to stimulate the pancreas to make insulin.

在葡萄糖能够进入肝细胞之前，它需要刺激胰腺来造胰岛素。

Over time, through this epigenetic reprogramming, some cells develop into heart cells, and others into liver cells.

一段时间后，通过表观遗传学的重新运作，一些细胞成长为心脏细胞，其他的成为肝脏细胞。

When liver cells are injured, they start to come together and form what are called regenerative nodules.

当肝细胞受损时，他们聚集到一起，形成再生结节。

Liver cells are treated with a combination of two reagents called Periodic acid and Schiff, or PAS.

肝细胞可用碘酸-雪夫化学染色试剂处理，俗称PAS染色。

For example, in comparison to the long-chain oleic acid, the medium-chain caprylic acid is oxidized 5 times faster in liver cells.

例如，中链羊脂酸在肝细胞中的氧化速度比长链油酸快 5 倍。

The death of liver cells can ultimately lead to cirrhosis, a process in which normal liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue.

肝细胞死亡最终可导致肝硬化，即正常肝组织逐渐被瘢痕组织替代。

Insulin is a chemical that helps your muscles, fat, and liver cells absorb sugar, where it's stored until your body needs energy.

胰岛素是一种帮助你的肌肉、脂肪和肝细胞吸收糖分的化学物质，糖分储存在那里，当你需要时，会为你的身体提供能量。

What's the difference between cancer cells and liver cells?

- 癌细胞和肝细胞有什么区别？

Since the liver cells seem to be the main cells targeted in Reye's disease, the liver becomes one of the main organs affected.

由于肝细胞是瑞氏综合征的靶细胞，所以肝脏成为了主要的受累器官。

The fetal stem cells had lodged in her liver and specialized as liver cells.

胎儿干细胞已经寄宿在她的肝脏中，并专门化为肝细胞。

So, if the liver cells are damaged... - Liver isn't damaged, the tests were normal.

- 那么，如果肝细胞受损... - 肝脏没有受损，测试是正常的。

Now we have the same situation where everything goes straight to the liver, does not get stored in glycogen, and overloads your liver cell's mitochondria.

这是和之前相同的情况，一切径直到肝脏，没有变成糖原来保存，直接过载了你的肝细胞。

The healthy liver cell divides only when it is stressed; the healthy hair cell divides frequently; and the cancer cell divides even more frequently and recklessly.

健康的肝细胞只有在危机时才分裂；健康的发细胞却常常分裂；而癌变的细胞分裂速度更快更肆无忌惮。

Cirrhosis, in which liver cells are replaced with scar tissue, can prevent your liver from doing its critical jobs.

肝硬化，其中肝细胞被疤痕组织取代，可以阻止您的肝脏完成其重要工作。

First, they found that the cancerous liver cells in their mice were generally accompanied by cells that had the symptoms of old age (they had, for example, stopped replicating).

首先，他们发现，实验小鼠中癌化的肝脏细胞周围的细胞出现了老龄化的症状（例如，停止复制）。

For example you would expect to see an increase in transaminases, which are liver enzymes used for amino acid metabolism that get into the blood as liver cells die.

比如检测到转氨酶水平升高，它们是肝细胞胞内酶，参与氨基酸代谢，在肝细胞坏死后进入血液中。

Ultimately the answer to this question is still unknown, what is known is that in patients with Reye's syndrome the mitochondria inside their liver cells, or hepatocytes, become damaged.

确切原因我们并不知晓，但我们知道瑞氏综合征患者的肝脏细胞（也就是肝细胞）内存在线粒体损伤。