碳化锂（Li₂C₂），锂的碳化物之一。

无色质脆晶体。为离子型碳化物。具很强的还原性，冷时可在氟气和氯气中燃烧；强热时，可在氧、硫、硒的气氛中着火。熔点时可被氯酸钾或硝酸钾氧化。与浓酸缓慢反应。与氢氧化钾共熔融时，发生放热分解反应。与水作用，产生乙炔和氢氧化锂。

锂与碳可形成一系列的二元化合物，包括：Li₂C₂、Li₄C、Li₆C₂、Li₈C₃、Li₆C₃、Li₄C₃、Li₄C₅，以及石墨层间化合物 LiC₆、LiC₁₂ 和 LiC₁₈。其中 Li₂C₂ 是唯一可从单质化合制取的、热力学上稳定的富锂化合物。它最早由法国化学家亨利·莫瓦桑在1896年通过用煤与碳酸锂反应而制得。其他富锂的化合物可通过锂蒸气与氯代烃（如四氯化碳）反应得到。

Lithium carbide, Li
2C
2, often known as dilithium acetylide, is a chemical compound of lithium and carbon, an acetylide. It is an intermediate compound produced during radiocarbon dating procedures. Li
2C
2 is one of an extensive range of lithium-carbon compounds which include the lithium-rich Li
4C, Li
6C
2, Li
8C
3, Li
6C
3, Li
4C
3, Li
4C
5, and the graphite intercalation compounds LiC
6, LiC
12, and LiC
18.
Li
2C
2 is the most thermodynamically-stable lithium-rich compound and the only one that can be obtained directly from the elements. It was first produced by Moissan, in 1896 who reacted coal with lithium carbonate. The other lithium-rich compounds are produced by reacting lithium vapor with chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. CCl₄.