小波兰（波兰语：Małopolska，拉丁语：Polonia Minor）是一个波兰的历史地区。它位于波兰的东南角。该地区不能与小波兰省相混淆，该省只包括小波兰历史地区的一部分。

小波兰位于维斯瓦河上游，包括大量高地，包括圣十字山，小波兰高地，桑多梅日盆地和卢布林高地。它从喀尔巴阡山脉延伸到皮里查河和维尔普斯河。北邻马佐夫舍，最北方与波德拉奇亚相邻，西靠西里西亚，南邻斯洛伐克，东临乌克兰（红鲁塞尼亚）。从历史上看，直到第二次世界大战，该地区也包括现在乌克兰的大部分地区（参见加利西亚）。

在波兰立陶宛联邦，小波兰省（波兰语：prowincja małopolska）包括正统的小波兰，波德拉奇亚，红鲁塞尼亚，沃尔希连，波多里亚，乌克兰和切尔尼戈夫省；首府：克拉科夫。

Lesser Poland (Polish: Małopolska, Latin: Polonia Minor) is a historical region (dzielnica) of Poland; its capital is the city of Kraków.

It should not be confused with the modern Lesser Poland Voivodeship, which covers only the south-western part of Lesser Poland. Historical Lesser Poland is much bigger than the current voivodeship which bears its name, stretching from Bielsko-Biała in the south-west as far as to Siedlce in the north-east. It consisted of three voivodeships with the capitals in Kraków, Sandomierz and Lublin. It has almost 60,000 km and about 9,000,000 inhabitants. Its landscape is mainly hilly, with Karpaty mountains in the south; it is located it the basin of upper Vistula. It has been famous for its mighty aristocracy (magnateria) and rich nobility (średnia szlachta).