When beauty quarks decay, the daughter particles produced sometimes include a pair of what are known as charged leptons.

当美夸克衰变时，产生的子粒子有时包含一对所谓的带电轻子。

These may be an electron and its antimatter equivalent, a positron, or two heavier leptons, a muon and an antimuon.

它们可能是一个电子和它的反物质等价物，一个正电子，或者两个更重的轻子，一个介子和一个反介子。

So, inside the neutrons, electrons and the protons you're looking at the quarks, leptons, bosons and the Higgs.

所以， 在中子、电子和质子内部，你看到的是夸克、轻子、玻色子和希格斯粒子。

For the forces that govern them, there is no difference between the two, an idea called " lepton universality" .

对于支配它们的力，两者没有区别，一种叫做“轻子普遍性”的想法。

Like other leptons, muons contain a tiny internal magnet.

像其他轻子一样，μ 子包含一个微小的内部磁铁。

Unity is strength Unifying quarks and leptons in this way could explain other things, too.

团结就是力量以这种方式统一夸克和轻子也可以解释其他事情。

This theory says that, at a deeper level of nature, quarks and leptons are actually the same thing.

这个理论说，在更深层次的自然界中，夸克和轻子实际上是一回事。

The leptoquark force that this theory posits would be able to transform quarks into leptons, and vice versa.

该理论假设的轻夸克力能够将夸克转化为轻子，反之亦然。

Fermions divide into leptons, quarks and their antimatter equivalents, which are identical to normal matter but with opposite electrical charges.

费米子分为轻子、夸克和它们的反物质等价物，它们与普通物质相同，但电荷相反。

A violation of lepton universality would be a crack in what is called the Standard Model, and therefore Nobel prizewinning stuff.

违反轻子普遍性将是所谓的标准模型的裂缝，因此也是诺贝尔奖得主。

That model, she explains, told us there were 17 building blocks of nature: six quarks, six leptons, four force-carrier particles, and the Higgs boson.

她解释说， 那个模型告诉我们自然界有 17 个组成部分：六个夸克、 六个轻子、 四个载力粒子和希格斯玻色子。

Two of cern's detectors—atlas and cms—have recently announced hints of excesses in the production of this and other heavy fermions, notably bottom quarks and tau leptons.

cern 的两个探测器——atlas 和 cms——最近宣布了这种和其他重费米子产生过量的迹象，特别是底夸克和 tau 轻子。

The Standard Model consists of six quarks, six leptons, five known bosons and a postulated sixth, the Higgs boson (named for a Scottish scientist, Peter Higgs), plus three of the four physical forces: the strong and weak nuclear forces and electromagnetism.

6种夸克、6种轻子、5种已知的玻色子和1种假设的玻色子，(即希格斯玻色子，以苏格兰科学家彼得·希格斯的名字命名），加上4种物理力中的3种：强核力、弱核力和电磁力。

One way in which these mesons decay is by the transformation of the bottom antiquark into a so-called " strange" antiquark and a pair of leptons, a different class of fundamental particle that includes electrons and their more massive cousins, muons.

这些介子衰变的一种方式是将底部的反夸克转变为所谓的“奇异”反夸克和一对轻子，轻子是一种不同的基本粒子，包括电子及其质量更大的表亲介子。