李奥波德与勒伯案（Leopold and Loeb），纳森·李奥波德（Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr.，1904年11月19日－1971年8月30日）、李察·勒伯（Richard A. Loeb，1905年6月11日－1936年1月28日）于1924年因绑票谋杀一名14岁的少年而被捕。

李奥波德、勒伯都是有钱世家出身。年仅19岁的李奥波德自芝加哥大学毕业，即将进入哈佛大学法学院，他在当时已通晓15种语言（后来终其一生共学会27种语言），精通鸟类学并曾发表论文，也研究数学、哲学，对弗里德里希·尼采的学说尤为倾倒。

Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr. (November 19, 1904 – August 29, 1971) and Richard Albert Loeb (/ˈloʊb/; June 11, 1905 – January 28, 1936), usually referred to collectively as Leopold and Loeb, were two wealthy students at the University of Chicago who in May 1924 kidnapped and murdered 14-year-old Robert Franks in Chicago. They committed the murder—widely characterized at the time as "the crime of the century"—as a demonstration of their perceived intellectual superiority, which, they thought, rendered them capable of carrying out a "perfect crime", and absolved them of responsibility for their actions.