Now, Legionella pneumophila can enter the body through inhalation of contaminated water droplets.

嗜肺军团菌可以通过受污染水滴被吸入人体。

Now, Legionella pneumophila has a very thin peptidoglycan layer, so it stains like a Gram-negative bacteria.

嗜肺军团菌的肽聚糖层很薄，所以虽然它是革兰氏阴性细菌。

As a result, Legionella is able to survive and replicate inside macrophages.

军团菌从而得以在巨噬细胞内存活并增殖。

However, Legionella has a type IVB secretion system, which uses effector proteins to prevent phagolysosomal fusion.

但是，军团菌有一套IVB分泌系统，会利用效应蛋白阻碍吞噬体和溶酶体的融合。

Now, Legionella pneumophila causes a disease called legionellosis which has two distinct entities.

嗜肺军团菌可以引起两种不同的军团菌病。

Now, other bacteria like the wetness and warmth of hot tubs, too, including Legionella.

现在，其他细菌也喜欢热水浴缸的湿度和温度， 包括军团菌。

Alright, as a quick recap: Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative bacillus found in water systems.

得！快速回顾一下：嗜肺军团菌是一种存在于供水系统中的革兰染色阴性菌。

It is diagnosed by identifying Legionella in a culture from respiratory tract secretions and using a urinary antigen test.

可由呼吸道分泌物培养出军团菌或尿抗原检测确诊。

Diagnosis is done by identifying Legionella using cultures from respiratory tract secretions or using a urinary antigen test that detects Legionella lipopolysaccharide antigen in urine.

确诊方法包括用呼吸道分泌物培养军团菌和尿抗原测试，检测尿中的军团菌脂多糖抗原。

When the cells become too small for the growing number of bacteria, it bursts, releasing Legionella in the extracellular space, and infect other cells.

巨噬细胞包裹不住增长的细菌时就会破裂，导致军团菌被释放到细胞外并感染其他细胞。

Disneyland has 18 of these towers and the park says it recently shut down, treated and disinfected two of them because elevated levels of Legionella, the bacteria that caused Legionnaire's disease were found there.

迪士尼乐园有18个这样的塔，乐园说最近已经关闭，处理并且消毒了两座塔，因为升在里面发现了升级的军团病毒和导致这种病毒的细菌。

The residents in Flint have been forced to drink with, cook with and bathe with bottled water, while paying the highest water bills in the country for water that is infected with deadly legionella bacteria.

弗林特的居民被迫使用瓶装水饮用、烹饪和洗澡，同时为感染致命军团菌的水支付全国最高的水费。

Legionella pneumophila is non-spore forming, aerobic, which means it needs oxygen to survive, facultative intracellular, which means it can survive both inside and outside the cell, and oxidase and catalase positive, which means it produces both of these enzymes.

嗜肺军团菌是一种非芽孢好氧细菌，需要氧气才能存活，也是兼性细胞内寄生菌，即它在细胞内外均可生存，氧化酶和过氧化氢酶阳性，即它可以产生这两种酶。

Finally, it needs special nutrients to grow, such as cysteine and iron, so it grows on a special medium called buffered charcoal yeast extract, or BCYE, which contains cysteine and iron that are essentially for the growth of Legionella.

最后，嗜肺军团菌的生长需要特定营养素，例如半胱氨酸和铁；因此嗜肺军团菌的生长需要一种特殊的培养基：缓冲木炭酵母浸膏（BCYE），它含有嗜肺军团菌生长所需的半胱氨酸和铁。

There are also more unusual bacteria like mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumoniae, and legionella pneumophila, which don't have a cell wall and are well known for causing an " atypical or walking pneumonia" because they often cause vague symptoms like fatigue.

还有一些更不寻常的细菌，如肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体以及嗜肺军团菌，它们没有细胞壁，且因引起“非典型肺炎”而臭名昭着，因为它们通常会引起一些模糊的症状，如疲劳。