前缘缝翼（英语：Slat）是安装在固定翼飞机机翼前端的狭长小翼，通常在飞机起飞和降落时展开。前缘缝翼展开后，机翼之间有一道狭长的缝隙，可以让气流通过（右图）。

前缘缝翼的主要功能在于提高飞机的失速临界迎角，让飞机起飞时不至于机头拉得过高而造成突然失速。也能有效降低飞机的进场速度，让飞机的降落更加安全。同时缩短飞机起飞和降落的距离，降低对跑道长度的要求。有时在飞机接近失速状态时也会张开，并使产生的阻力降到最低。

Slats are aerodynamic surfaces on the leading edge of the wings of fixed-wing aircraft which, when deployed, allow the wing to operate at a higher angle of attack. A higher coefficient of lift is produced as a result of angle of attack and speed, so by deploying slats an aircraft can fly at slower speeds, or take off and land in shorter distances. They are usually used while landing or performing maneuvers which take the aircraft close to the stall, but are usually retracted in normal flight to minimize drag.