拉脱维亚语（latviešu valoda）是拉脱维亚的官方语言。拉脱维亚语在英语中曾被称为Lettish，而在大部分日耳曼语族的语言中仍然是这样称呼。在拉脱维亚有大约130万人以其为母语，而在海外有约10万。总共有200万，也即80%的拉脱维亚人口使用拉脱维亚语。而在其中有116万，也即约56%的人在国内将其当作主要语言。在日常生活中使用拉脱维亚语的比例在多个地区均有上升趋势。

拉脱维亚语是现存的两种波罗的语族之一（另一种是立陶宛语，与其相近）。波罗的语族隶属于印欧语系。另外有争议质疑能够和拉脱维亚语相互沟通的拉特加莱语言和克罗尼语是否应该被看作不同的独立语言。

Latvian (latviešu valoda [latviɛʃu valuɔda]) is the official state language of Latvia. It was previously known in English as Lettish which remains the standard today in various forms in most other Germanic languages. There are about 1.3 million native Latvian speakers in Latvia and 100,000 abroad. Altogether, 2 million, or 80% of the population of Latvia, speak Latvian. Of those, 1.16 million or 56% use it as their primary language at home. The use of the Latvian language in various areas of social life in Latvia is increasing.