The 'yellow ground' had to be smashed up with picks so that  it could be coarsely sieved in large wire frames, and the resulting large pieces removed by  buckets to be further sieved and scraped.

必须用镐将“黄土” 打碎，以便可以在大型金属丝框架中进行粗筛，然后将所得的大块用桶移走， 以便进一步筛分和刮擦。