蜥蜴科（学名：Lacertidae，又叫正蜥科）是爬行纲蜥蜴亚目下的一科，原生于欧洲，非洲和亚洲。这是一个多元化的科，共有37属几百个物种。

欧洲和地中海的品种主要生活在森林和灌木。亚洲，麻蜥属和睑窗蜥属（Ophisops）的物种生活在草原和沙漠。非洲的品种则在岩石和干旱地区。缨尾蜥属（Holaspis）是非洲少数的树栖品种，旗下唯一物种缨尾蜥（Holaspis guentheri）能利用其宽阔的尾巴和扁平的身体作为一个机翼滑翔。

The Lacertidae are the family of the wall lizards, true lizards, or sometimes simply lacertas, which are native to Europe, Africa, and Asia. The group includes the genus Lacerta, which contains some of the most commonly seen lizard species in Europe. It is a diverse family with hundreds of species in 39 genera.