1. The mandibles are usually lost, the labrum is reduced to a narrow transverse sclerite, and the labium is a small flap ( though its palps retain quite large).
   上颚消失，上唇退化为一条窄横片，下唇退化为一小片（下唇须发达）。
2. The experiment is such: Researcher uses foam rubber or plastic from the female alar collect secretion, dissolve is in at the inunction after alcohol the labrum of a few females.
   研究人员用海绵从女性腋下收集分泌物，溶于酒精后涂擦在一些女性的上唇。

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