阿列克谢·尼古拉耶维奇·柯西金（俄语：Алексей Николаевич Косыгин，1904年2月21日－1980年12月18日），苏联政治人物，1964年10月15日至1980年10月23日任苏联部长会议主席，任期长达14年，是苏联历史上任期最长的总理，也是苏共中央总书记勃列日涅夫任内最重要的副手之一。

柯西金1919年加入苏联红军，参加了苏联国内战争。战后，柯西金被送往列宁格勒接受培训，其后赴西伯利亚工作，1927年加入***。1930年代，柯西金进入列宁格勒纺织学校学习，毕业后成为当地一家纺织厂厂长。1938年，柯西金出任列宁格勒人民委员会主席（相当于市长）。

Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin (Russian:Алексе́й Никола́евич Косы́гин, tr.Aleksej Nikolajevič Kosygin;IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksʲej nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ kɐˈsɨɡʲɪn]; 21 February [O.S. 5 March] 1904 – 18 December 1980) was a Soviet-Russian statesman during the Cold War. Kosygin was born in the city of St. Petersburg in 1904 to a Russian working-class family. He was conscripted into the labour army during the Russian Civil War, and after the Red Army's demobilisation in 1921, he worked in Siberia as an industrial manager. Kosygin returned to Leningrad in the early 1930s and worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy. During the Great Patriotic War (World War II), Kosygin was a member of the State Defence Committee and was tasked with moving Soviet industry out of territories soon to be overrun by the German Army. He served as Minister of Finance for a year before becoming Minister of Light Industry and later, the Minister of Light and Food Industry. Stalin removed Kosygin from the Politburo one year before his own death in 1953, intentionally weakening Kosygin's position within the Soviet hierarchy.