拘萨罗（梵文：कोसल，Kosala，后来作Kośala），又译憍萨罗，古代印度的一个地区。位于现今北方邦的Oudh地区。根据佛教阿含经等记载，公元前6世纪初势力最强，征服邻近迦尸(Kasi)、释迦族的迦毗罗卫等小国，领有恒河中游到喜马拉雅山南麓的广大地区，是十六大国之一。首都舍卫城。公元前5世纪因为与恒河下游的摩揭陀国长期交战而削弱，最终于公元前4世纪被摩揭陀国吞并。

大唐西域记：“……至憍萨罗国（中印度境）。憍萨罗国，周六千余里，山岭周境，林薮连接。国大都城周四十余里。土壤膏腴，地利滋盛。邑里相望，人户殷实。其形伟，其色黑。风俗刚猛，人性勇烈。邪正兼信，学艺高明。王，刹帝利也。崇敬佛法，仁慈深远。伽蓝百余所，僧徒减万人，并皆习学大乘法教。天祠七十余所，异道杂居。……”

Kosala (Sanskrit:कोसल) was an ancient Indian kingdom, corresponding roughly in area with the region of Awadh in present-day Uttar Pradesh. It emerged as a small state during the late Vedic period, with connections to the neighboring realm of Videha. According to the Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya and the Jaina text, the Bhagavati Sutra, Kosala was one of the So**** (sixteen) Mahajanapadas (powerful realms) in 6th to 5th centuries BCE and its cultural and political strength earned it the status of a great power. However, it was later weakened by a series of wars with the neighbouring kingdom of Magadha and, in the 4th century BCE, was finally absorbed by it.