北一辉（1883年4月3日－1937年8月19日），日本思想家、社会活动家、政治哲学家、国家社会主义和超国家主义的提倡者、法西斯理论思想家。

1906年（明治39年）二十三岁时，自费出版了《国体论与纯正社会主义》。该书成为后来日本法西斯主义纲领性文档。早年参加过中国革命，并在上海写出《日本改造法案大纲》一书，决心从下层社会起对日本进行改造，得到广泛支持。北一辉思想最终形成日本二二六事件，兵变失败后被日本政府所捕杀。但因他崇尚暴力，鼓吹战争万能，宣扬国土狭小的国家对外扩张的合理性，他的思想遂成为日本法西斯主义的源流。他的思想被视为日本的侵略派进行日本对外扩张，特别是扩大对中国侵略的直接理论根据。

Ikki Kita(北 一辉,Kita Ikki, 3 April 1883 – 19 August 1937) (real name: Kita Terujirō (北 辉次郎)) was a Japanese author, intellectual and a political philosopher who was active in early-Shōwa period Japan. A harsh critic of the Emperor system and the Meiji Constitution, he asserted that the Japanese were not the emperor's people, rather the Emperor was the "people's emperor". He advocated a complete reconstruction of Japan along the lines of his own version of state socialism. Kita was in contact with many people within the extreme right and wrote pamphlets and books. The government saw Kita's ideas as disruptive and dangerous; in 1937 he was implicated, although not directly involved, in a failed coup attempt and executed. He is still widely read in academic circles in Japan.