One alternative to attenuated vaccines is a killed or inactivated vaccine.

减毒疫苗的一种替代品是灭活疫苗或灭活疫苗。

You could grind them up and inject them, so-called " whole killed vaccines."

你可以把它们磨碎并注射， 所谓的“全杀疫苗” 。

Protection from a live, attenuated vaccine typically outlasts that provided by a killed or inactivated vaccine.

减毒活疫苗的保护通常比灭活疫苗或灭活疫苗提供的保护更持久。

Jonas Salk's killed vaccine required an injection and several booster shots over years, but Salk, as he just said, believed it was safer and could be developed more quickly.

乔纳斯·索尔克的灭活疫苗需要注射以及在数年中几次加强注射，但索尔克，就像他刚刚说的，相信它更安全，开发起来也更快。

As with organisms or viruses used in killed or inactivated vaccines, this can be done via treatment with a chemical such as formalin, or by using heat or other methods.

对于灭活或灭活疫苗中使用的生物体或病毒， 这可以通过用福尔马林等化学品处理， 或通过加热或其他方法来完成。

Toxoids can actually be considered killed or inactivated vaccines, but are sometimes given their own category to highlight the fact that they contain an inactivated toxin, and not an inactivated form of bacteria.

类毒素实际上可以被认为是灭活或灭活疫苗， 但有时会被赋予它们自己的类别， 以强调它们含有灭活毒素， 而不是灭活形式的细菌。