基布兹（希伯来语：קיבוץ、קִבּוּץ‎，即为「聚集」之意，英语：Kibbutz、复数kibbutzim）是以色列的一种集体社区，过去主要从事农业生产，现在则从事工业和高科技产业。

基布兹的目标是混合**和锡安主义的思想创建乌托邦社区，社区里的人有私有财产，工作没有工资，衣食住行教育医疗都是免费的。外人可以自愿加入基布兹，里面的成员也可以自愿退出，退出的时候可以领到一笔退出费以回报对社区的贡献。不过近几十年有些社区进行了私有化，生活方式发生了改变。

2010年以色列有270个基布兹，工业产值约80亿美元，占全国的9%，农业产值17亿美元，占全国的40%。虽然其它国家也有公社企业，但没有任何国家让自愿的集体社区承担如此独立的自治权。

A kibbutz (Hebrew: קִבּוּץ / קיבוץ, lit. "gathering, clustering"; plural kibbutzim) is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economic branches, including industrial plants and high-tech enterprises. Kibbutzim began as utopian communities, a combination of socialism and Zionism. In recent decades, some kibbutzim have been privatized and changes have been made in the communal lifestyle. A member of a kibbutz is called a kibbutznik (Hebrew: קִבּוּצְנִיק).