迦梨陀娑（天城文：कालिदास，拉丁化：Kālidāsa）是知名的梵文剧作家和诗人。

迦梨（Kāli）是女神的名字，陀娑（dāsa）意为奴隶，全意是“迦梨女神的奴隶”。一说迦梨陀娑是婆罗门婆罗门家庭，很早成为孤儿，由牧人收养，后青年牧人冒充智者，与一位公主波罗奈结婚。没有太多的教育使得他因此无知和粗俗，他感到羞愧。获得迦梨女神的恩赐，成为诗人。

又一说迦梨陀娑晚年访问斯里兰卡，在名妓宅第的墙上看见斯里兰卡国王鸠摩罗陀娑的半首诗：“百闻不如一见的莲花上生着的莲花”。他一时技痒写了下半首：“姑娘啊，你莲花般的面容上生着一双莲花眼”。鸠摩罗陀娑重金悬赏下半首诗，妓女打算冒领赏金，当夜害死了迦梨陀娑。鸠摩罗陀娑查明真相，为迦梨陀娑举行火葬，鸠摩罗陀娑也投身火中，自焚而死。

Kālidāsa (Sanskrit:कालिदास) was a Classical Sanskrit writer, widely regarded as the greatest poet and dramatist in the Sanskrit language. His plays and poetry are primarily based on the Hindu Puranas.

Much about his life is unknown, only what can be inferred from his poetry and plays. His floruit cannot be dated with precision, but most likely falls within the 5th century AD.